Fabrial

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Fabrial
por Isaac Stewart
Mundo de origen	Roshar
Universo	Cosmere

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Un fabrial es un dispositivo mecánico alimentado por luz, que proviene de Roshar y que utiliza spren capturados en gemas para realizar una tarea específica. Las propiedades mágicas de los fabriales modernos pueden ser activadas por cualquiera que sepa cómo usarlos. Una persona que crea o diseña un fabrial es un artifabriano. El término “fabrial” es a menudo utilizado de forma coloquial para referirse a todo el dispositivo. Por su parte, los artifabrianos llaman al conjunto "máquina" y usan la palabra fabrial para referirse específicamente a la la gema que contiene el spren.

Historia

Antes de la Fragmentación, Adonalsium evitó la invención de los fabriales.

Durante las Épocas Heráldicas, los Caballeros Radiantes ya sabían como crear fabriales potenciadores, replicando todas las habilidades Radiantes excepto las de los Forjadores de Vínculos, usando las Puertas Juradas como guía. Su conocimiento sobre los fabriales no potenciadores, en los que la ciencia moderna está muy volcada, era mucho menor que el actual de los eruditos. Sin embargo, algunos principios eran ya conocidos, entre otros: los ascensores de Urithiru creados con fabriales parejos. Con la caída de los Radiantes gran parte del conocimiento de los fabriales se perdió, siendo los moldeadores de almas una excepción. Con el tiempo, las historias sobre los fabriales de los Radiantes se exageraron enormemente, haciendo que la mayoría de la gente creyese que sus fabriales eran mucho más numerosos y avanzados que los fabriales creados por la ciencia moderna.

Según Nikli, los aimianos originales usaron dispositivos para transformar Aimia y hacerla habitable, equiparando dichos aparatos a fabriales prematuros. Nikli insinúa que la destrucción de Aimia fue provocada por la destrucción de estos fabriales a lo largo de numerosas guerras, quizás las Desolaciones, porque las islas de Aimia no podían desarrollar vida sin ellos.

Pese a que los fabriales han sido conocidos durante siglos, no ha sido hasta hace bien poco que el ritmo de invención de nuevos dispositivos relacionados con los fabriales se ha acelerado, con creaciones como los fabriales de curación y las vinculacañas que solo tienen unas décadas de antigüedad como mucho. La mayoría de las investigaciones tienen lugar en las naciones orientales de Alezkar y Jah Keved, siendo Navani Kholin una importante líder dentro del gremio. Las semiesquirlas son un importante descubrimiento producto de estas investigaciones, cuyo objetivo es imitar a las armaduras esquirladas y que tanto se han perfeccionado en 1173, al final de la Era de la Soledad.

Mecánica

por Isaac Stewart

Extracto del cuaderno de Navani que muestra un brazalete emocional y ejemplos de patrones de luz tormentosa

La creación de fabriales modernos requiere atrapar el tipo adecuado de spren en una gema tallada para ese propósito. Para atrapar al spren, los artifabrianos lo atraen hasta la gema con algo que el spren conozca y le guste. Una vez que el spren está entretenido inspeccionando la gema, los artifabrianos retiran la luz tormentosa de la gema, mediante el método arnista, que consiste en acercar varias gemas grandes a la gema infusa para drenar la luz, o utilizar un larkin o diapasones para el mismo propósito. Si la luz tormentosa se extrae de una gema con la suficiente celeridad, el spren será absorbido al interior de la gema. Cuando el spren está capturado, puede ser manipulado a voluntad del artifabriano. El tipo de spren que puede ser capturado en una piedrabase depende del tipo y del color de la gema, lo que sugiere que hay miles de combinaciones posibles. Estas gemas son encapsuladas en un marco de metal que determinará el efecto del fabrial junto con el tipo de spren. Su poder estará determinado por la cantidad de luz tormentosa que se filtre fuera de la gema, aunque esto no se puede percibir a simple vista. Los spren corrompidos por Sja-anat tendrán un comportamiento diferente en un fabrial. Es posible utilizar gemas sintéticas en fabriales.

A diferencia de la Potenciación o la Antigua Magia, la mayoría de fabriales pueden ser utilizados por cualquiera, siempre que sepan como funcionan (con la excepción de las Puertas Juradas, que requieren de un Radiante para activarlas, aunque esto puede que sea solo una medida de seguridad y no un requisito). Algunos, como los fabriales calefactores, son capaces de funcionar sin intervención humana. La naturaleza autosuficiente de los fabriales los diferencia de la mayoría de las manifestaciones de Investidura del Cosmere, en las que el usuario accede a la magia y la controla (normalmente con requisitos o limitaciones específicas).

Parece que los fabriales se ven afectados por un sistema de referencia definido por su usuario. Por ejemplo: una vinculacañas utilizada en un barco transferirá el movimiento del barco a su fabrial emparejado a menos que el usuario conciba ambas vinculacañas como parte del mismo sistema de referencia. El motivo exacto de ello es desconocido pero se sospecha que está relacionado con la respuesta de los spren a la percepción humana.

Fabriales potenciadores

A diferencia de los fabriales modernos, los antiguos fabriales potenciadores fueron creados convenciendo a los spren para que se manifestasen en el Reino Físico. Su funcionamiento también es diferente, ya que por ejemplo los moldeadores de almas requieren una petición de ayuda para funcionar, algo innecesario en los fabriales modernos. De todos modos, siguen requiriendo que los spren sean contenidos en una gema de alguna forma, y dos grandes spren pueden verse vigilando las Puertas Juradas en Shadesmar. Siempre que las gemas se encuentren bien conservadas y los spren no se hayan visto comprometidos, cualquier fabrial potenciador puede ser recreado para funcionar como solía hacerlo. Cualquier Potencia puede ser replicada por la ciencia fabrial. En la actualidad los fabriales que utilizan potencias son extremadamente raros y la mayoría de ellos data de la época de los Caballeros Radiantes.^{[Falta cita]}

Reactions to Metal

Once trapped in a gem, spren respond to stimuli in consistent and predictable ways. The metal frame surrounding the gem creates the stimuli the spren react to - pressing metal against a flamespren in a ruby increases and decreases heat. Spren react to different metals in different ways, with their behavior generally paralleling the Allomantic powers for each individual metal, though some metals that are not Allomantically viable still have effects on fabrials. Multiple fabrial gems can be placed inside a single wireframe, which lets them work together to create more complex results. The emotion bracelet, for example, has ten gems, with patterns in which they light up corresponding to different emotions. The God Metal which Shardblades are composed of can be used in fabrials.

Zinc

Zinc in contact with a gemstone will cause its captured spren to more strongly manifest.

Brass

Brass in contact with a gemstone will cause its spren to withdraw and its power to dim.

Bronze

Bronze in contact with a gemstone will cause it to alert someone of objects, entities, or phenomena nearby by increasing its brightness. The range of this construction is determined by how much Stormlight can be infused into the gemstone.

Pewter

Pewter in contact with a gemstone will cause it to express a certain attribute in force, correlated to the type of spren trapped in the gemstone. This also drains Stormlight faster than other types of fabrials, which might be similar to how Allomantic pewter 'burns' faster than most other metals. This metal is the one used to create augmenter fabrials.

Tin

Tin in contact with a gemstone will cause it to diminish nearby attributes. These are called Diminisher fabrials. Unlike other metals, this seems the opposite of its Allomantic use, to increase sensory acuteness.

Iron

Iron in contact with a gemstone will cause it to attract nearby substances.

Steel

Steel in contact with a gemstone will likely cause it to push away nearby substances, but artifabrians have not yet figured out how to make repeller fabrials.

Modification with aluminum

If a fabrial is used inside a room lined with aluminum, it is impossible to sense the use of the fabrial from outside of that room. If the fabrial requires outside connection (e.g. conjoiner, and specifically spanreed), the conjoined half outside of the room will not function properly because the pairing has been interrupted. If the fabrial can be used entirely within the room (e.g. a Soulcaster), it will operate as designed but be undetectable from outside.

It is possible to alter the function of a conjoiner (ruby) fabrial to transfer only certain components of motion between the conjoined halves (e.g. A spanreed that can only transfer vertical motion, but not lateral) by inserting pieces of aluminum foil into the fabrial gemstone housing. It is thought that aluminum impacts a spren's ability to sense thoughts, and therefore this may function by blocking parts of the "signal" between the two gemstones.

The ardent Rushu's experimentation with this behavior results in a mobile chair for Rysn which hovers by being vertically reverse coupled to a heavy object (an anchor which is allowed to fall a short distance) but remains laterally uncoupled allowing for free motion when pushed. Rushu notes that the chair's rotational motion remains coupled, but believes it would be possible to fix that upon further refinement.

There are no confirmed instances of other types of fabrial being modified by aluminum in the same way. Reverser fabrials are stated to operate similarly to conjoiners and therefore likely behave similarly under aluminum modification. It is unclear what effect aluminum would have on fabrials that do not rely on two paired gemstones.

Special Interactions

Raysium

Raysium conducts Investiture, allowing it to flow from one gemstone to another. It is used by the Fused to combat Knights Radiant, pulling their Stormlight away from them, and leaving them vulnerable to attack. It appears that the orientation of the metal, rather than the pressure differential, determines which way that Investiture flows through the metal, much like a magnetic polarity.

Types

Para a full listing of known fabrial machine designs, ver :Category: Fabrials.

Modern artifabrians divide the fabrials they design into five groups across three categories. Ancient fabrials, including Surge fabrials, do not fit into these categories and are grouped separately.

Altering fabrials

Appropriately named, altering fabrials qualitatively alter the property or attribute they target. Well-known examples include altering the temperature of an object or an area and enhancing or dampening the sensation of pain, though artifabrians believe there is potential for even greater types of fabrials in this category.

Augmenters

Altering fabrials that increase or enhance an attribute are known as augmenters. They work best with forces, emotions or sensations. Half-shards and Grandbows are examples of augmenters that increase durability. There are also heating fabrials that generate heat, sometimes called warmers or heatrials. Heatrials were first developed just before Gavilar's feast, though earlier models were much less effective. Painrials that enhance the feeling of pain also fall under this category. Pewter is generally used for augmenters.

Diminishers

Diminishers act as opposites of augmenters, decreasing the magnitude of their targeted trait. In general, they operate in a similar manner to augmenters, with similar restrictions. Painrials that decrease pain are a type of diminisher. Tin is used to make diminishers.

Pairing fabrials

por Marie Seeberger

Navani using a conjoiner fabrial

Pairing fabrials are, as the name suggests, created in pairs that can move in parallel, or the opposite, over great distances. This category was a recent discovery during the War of Reckoning. Force is conserved between each pair of fabrials, and the force required to move one is equivalent to one required for moving both. Despite limitations in how far the fabrials can be separated and still work (dictated by certain processes during manufacture), conjectures about possible applications are being discussed.

Conjoiners

Conjoiners are created from infused rubies which are split in half after the spren is already captured. The two halves are then able to exhibit parallel movements over large distances. Spanreeds are the most widespread example of conjoiner, linking two pens and allowing for long-distance communication. Conjoined rubies don't drain much Light to maintain their connection.

Reversers

Reversers are created in a similar manner to conjoiners, using an amethyst instead of a ruby. The two halves are then able to exhibit equal, but opposite reactions; lifting one would cause the other to be lowered.

Warning fabrials

Warning fabrials detect things and give notice to the user. Their range depends on the the amount of Stormlight infused into its fabrial-gem.

Alerters

Alerters use a heliodor to detect the presence of objects, feelings, sensations, or phenomena, and warn the user. There are alerters which can detect approaching people while excluding certain persons from detection. The Emotion bracelet is an alerter able to detect different emotions. Bronze is the metal used to stimulate these types of fabrials. Theoretically, a fabrial could be used to detect emotional Allomancy.

por Ben McSweeney

An Oathgate as seen from Shadesmar

Surge Fabrials

These are fabrials that are able to manipulate Surges, replicating the effects of Surgebinding and Voidbinding.

Soulcasters

Para más información, ver Soulcasting.

These fabrials mimic the Radiant ability of Soulcasting. A Soulcaster fabrial consists of two rings and a bracelet connected by chains which hold a group of three gemstones across the back of the hand. Most are only able to effect small, singular changes, such as turning stone into water, while about one in ten can effect any change. They can be activated by tapping one of the three gemstones when holding the hand against what is to be changed. They manipulate the Surge of Transformation.

Regrowth fabrial

Ancient Radiants possessed fabrials constructed from a large topaz and heliodor that were able to "regrow" and repair injuries through manipulating the Surge of Progression. In the present day, they have been lost; however, the Herald Nale possesses one capable of bringing someone back even from the brink of death.

Oathgates

Para más información, ver Oathgate.

These fabrials manipulate the Surge of Transportation, and allow the user to transport anything on top of the platform and in the control chamber between Oathgates in an instant. However, as far as is known, they function in pairs - an Oathgate in Urithiru only connects to one Oathgate outside, and the Oathgate outside only connects to one Oathgate in Urithiru. They can only be activated by living Shardblades, as wielded by the Knights Radiant, or an Honorblade. Transportation of more than one person through them requires use of more Stormlight.

Unknown types

por Kelley Harris

A fabrial wristwatch

Clock

Rosharan clocks are fabrials, with their mechanisms powered in some fashion by an infused smokestone in their center, holding a captured logicspren. They are noted as being rather expensive, although in recent years they have become more and more common. Dozens of them can be found in Kharbranth. Many have bells hanging from them to announce the hour. In the past, they came only in standing and hanging varieties. Recently, Navani has managed to create a design small enough to wear on one's hand.

Attractor

Used to attract certain substances, possibly determined by the gemstone used. They use iron in their metal lattices. During the Battle of Narak, Navani unveils one capable of drawing moisture from the air, pooling the water into a globe around the garnet that powers it. Shallan spots one that gathers smoke from a fire in the Ghostbloods's hideout at the Shattered Plains. The Wandersail is said to have stabilizers made from attractor fabrials that move weights inside the hull to prevent capsizing.

It is possible to create a repeller fabrial, possibly using steel.

Stabilizer

Thaylen engineered fabrials that help to stabilize ships during the highstorm. Rysn's ship, Wandersail, has been equipped with these fabrials.

Drainer

Though their name is unknown, these fabrials can partially drain Stormlight from gems to diminish their glow, for aesthetic purposes.

Urithiru lifts

The lifts in Urithiru are related to conjoined fabrials working together with sets of gears. There are empty slots on the railings on which infused gemstones can be inserted, from which the lift will draw Stormlight and begin to move. The lift draws enough power to reach the next floor, and upon reaching the first destination the platform will keep drawing Stormlight from the gemstone to perpetuate the operation of the fabrial. If at any point during the rise or descend the gemstone is removed, the lift will continue to travel until the following floor, stopping at that position. A lever on the platform can be switched to determine the direction of motion.

Possible Fabrials

Stormclock

The wristwatch that Dalinar receives from Navani includes a stormclock, which might be a fabrial, although it might as well operate purely mechanically. The vambrace is also equipped with a clock and a diminisher painrial, while Navani's own version has a switch that allows it to turn into an augmenter, for self-defense.

Gemstone Column

There is a column of gemstones in Urithiru's lower levels which serves as the main residence for the Sibling and an access point for all of the fabrials found in Urithiru. A certain pattern of gems control the Tower's defenses against the Fused. Raboniel used it to corrupt and disable these defenses. The column also has a defense mechanism designed by Melishi in the form of a glowing barrier that can be activated by four nodes found throughout the tower.

Stormlight transfer device

These devices can move Stormlight between gems, and are used by the moneychangers of Celebrant to transfer Stormlight into perfect gemstones.

Threnodite shadow detector

The Ire have a device capable of detecting cognitive shadows from Threnody, which may be similar to a Rosharan alerter fabrial.

Trivia

• It is possible to create an analog computer using fabrials.
• The term "fabrial" will, eventually, come to be used for all magic-based mechanical devices in the cosmere, such as the mechanism that picks Elantrians.

Notes

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