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A '''Splinter''' is the term for a specific type of fragment of Investiture that is ultimately derived from Adonalsium.{{wob ref|10563}} These Splinters exist comprised of a single Shard's power or the Investiture of multiple Shards. They are present in many worlds of the cosmere, sometimes in abundant qualitiesquantities{{au ref|roshar}} or aswith self-aware personalities,{{au ref|sel}} while other times they are absent altogether or exist simply as a chunk of raw power guided by something else. These Splinters are often possess abilities themselves or are capable of granting abilities toby people that they bondbonding with people.{{au ref|roshar}} Splinters are generally ageless and difficult to kill or destroy.{{wob ref|3855}} The spren of Roshar,{{au ref|roshar}} the seons of Sel,{{au ref|sel}} are some of the most well-known, although many species of Splinters can be found throughout the cosmere. The Shards [[Honor]],{{au ref|roshar}} [[Ambition]],{{au ref|threnody}} [[Devotion]], and [[Dominion]]{{au ref|sel}} have been Splintered, and therefore a large portionportions of their power existsexist as Splinters.{{cite}}

At its core, a Splinter is a significant measure of a Shard's power that has been separated from the main body of Investiture. There is a notable difference between a physical manifestation of Investiture such as [[atium]] and [[lerasium]] or a [[perpendicularity]], and a Splinter. While a Shard's power is never truly separated from itself, as it is all connected through the Spiritual Realm,{{wob ref|8605}} Splinters represent power that has been released or removed by a Shard.{{wob ref|986}} Splinters tend to not have much in the way of a Physical aspect,. asAs a chunk of Investiture itthey tendstend to be more rooted in the Cognitive and Spiritual Realms.{{wob ref|4066}} While many Splinters are comprised of Investiture of a single Shard, in the case of some Splinters they may actually be comprised of the Investiture or two or more Shards.{{wob ref|13604}}

One distinguishing factor of a Splinter is that it may often have an intent of its own, separate from that of the parent Shard.{{wob ref|10089}} Splinters commonly are sentient and have an associated personality,{{ref|group=fn|name=eyes|text=While Brandon has said on one occasion that Splinters must be self-aware,{{wob ref|10563}} elsewhere he has said differently and has explicitly referred to the divine Breath as a Splinter, despite its lack of self-awareness. That combine with the fact that [[Khriss]] feels the need to specify that seons and skaze are self-aware Splinters{{au ref|sel}} makes it clear that a Splinter need not necessarily be self-aware to be a Splinter.}} although that personality may be destroyed{{book ref|sa2|87}} or theits body tortured.{{book ref|sa3|110}} However, they do not necessarily need a personality to be considered a Splinter. Generally speaking, a Splinter has never been a person.{{wob ref|4541}} ByTherefore then by the strictest definition, a Cognitive Shadow may not be considered by some to be a Splinter, because Splinters have normally been defined as something that has never been human.{{wob ref|4541}} However, there is an argument to be made that a Cognitive Shadow is just an imprint of a once-living being on Investiture,{{wob ref|8395}} and has therefore never truly been human.{{au ref|threnody}} Generally speaking, most would consider a Cognitive Shadow to be a type of Splinter.{{wob ref|8757}} Nevertheless, Splinters and Cognitive Shadows operate by similar rules and many Cognitive Shadows may be made of an amount of Investiture equivalent or potentially even greater than a typical Splinter. Whether or not an avatar of a Shard should considered a Splinter is also a subject of some debate.{{wob ref|13323}} While some would disagree, many people in the cosmere would be comfortable terming avatars Splinters.

It is certain that all Splinters do not contain the exact same quantity of Investiture, as a Splinter may be Splintered yet again into smaller fragments.{{book ref|sa3|1111}}{{wob ref|11677}} However, it is likely that there isexists some threshold below which a quantity of Investiture is not considered to be a Splinter. For instance a divine Breath is considered to be a Splinter,{{wob ref|4486}} but there is no indication that the lesser Breath possessed by normal people is considered to be a Splinter. In fact, the small amount of Investiture present in sapient beings that is known as Innate Investiture is also distinct from Splinters.{{wob ref|1072}}

There are a few common ways for a Splinter to come into existence and most require the will of a Shard on some level. Perhaps the most common is that a Shard creates a Splinter by intentionally separating a bit of its power from itself.{{wob ref|9511}} This may be done for the purpose of creating some sort of synthetic race, such as the spren or seons. Another reason to create a Splinter is if a Shard wishes to prevent a soul from passing on to the [[Beyond]]. They may make it into a Cognitive Shadow by either merging the Splinter with the soul or imprinting the soul upon the power, as is the case with the [[Fused]]{{wob ref|8693}} and the [[Returned]].{{wob ref|5995}} WhetherThey orcould notcreate an avatar of atheir Shard shouldby consideredusing atheir SplinterInvestiture isand alsosome awould subjectcall ofthat somea debateSplinter.{{wob ref|13323}} While some would disagree, many people in the cosmere would be comfortable terming avatars Splinters.

A Shard may also Splinter another Shard, tearing off one or many chunks of its power, typically for the purpose of diminishing it. This is a process that transcends the three realms{{wob ref|7967}} and if a Shard is completely destroyed in this way it is said to be '''Splintered'''. TypicallyMost eithercommonly a VesselSplintering may behappen killedas andone thentitanic theirevent Shardthat subsequentlykills Splintered,the Vessel and disperses the power.{{msh ref|63|42}} orLess morefrequently, commonlya the SplinteringVessel may happenbe askilled oneand titanicthen eventtheir thatShard killssubsequently the Vessel and disperses the powerSplintered.{{msh ref|36|24}} The Splintering of a Shard may also have serious consequences in the Physical Realm. The power of a Splintered Shard may ravage a planet uncontrollably if the Investiture is not contained.{{au ref|sel}} There may be other physical effects of a Splintering, such as the formation of an asteroid belt in a system.{{wob ref|13213}} The process of Splintering is somewhat similar to the process by which Preservation stole a piece of Ruin's body to hide from him.{{wob ref|2804}}

A Splintered Shard cannot have a Vessel while it remains in such a state, but its Splinters may be reconstituted into a full Shard via an unknown process,{{wob ref|1070}} although it will not restore the original Vessel.{{wob ref|5993}} This is not known to have occuredoccurred yet in the cosmere.{{wob ref|5147}} If a Splinter's parent Shard is itself completely Splintered, there may be some impact on any already extant Splinters.{{wob ref|13381}} Whether or not a Shard can Splinter another Shard is dependent upon the amount of raw [[Investiture]] that Shard is able to make use of at the time,{{wob ref|9540}} as well as its ability to leverage said power, and its knowledge of the Splintering process.{{msh ref|3|2}}{{wob ref|9616}} There are more and less efficient ways to Splinter a Shard and it may grow easier with practice.{{wob ref|9563}}{{wob ref|9616}} Even a successful Splintering is taxing on the Shard performing the Splintering and may require some recovery by the [[Shard]] afterward.{{wob ref|9881}} In some cases whether or not a Shard is Splintered may be a somewhat vague term.{{wob ref|5072}} A Shard left on its own without a Vessel may also Splinter of its own accord, although that is not the only possibility.{{wob ref|1877}}

A bond between a human and a seon, another type of Splinter, can also be a vulnerability for the seon. Following the [[Reod]] in the ten years before the restoration of [[Elantris (city)|Elantris]], seons were in danger if their master was taken by the [[Shaod]]. The incorrect Aon acting on the human would disrupt their bonded seon as well, causing gaps to appear in their Aon, as well as a loss of any apparent sentience.{{book ref|elantris|16}} These damaged seons were known to stay close to their former masters that still lived, but apart from this they were impossibleseemingly to interacttotally withunaware. Their minds were returned to them when Raoden repaired the [[Aon#Rao|Aon Rao]] in Elantris.{{book ref|thoe}} Other vulnerabilities appear to exist, but are less well understood. It seems apparent that if their Spiritweb is directly damaged by something like a Shardblade they may be killed,{{book ref|sa3|84}} or if their Investiture is consumed and fully corrupted by something like Nightblood,{{wob ref|2681}} as is the case with the Fused.{{wob ref|10440}} Even if it is not fatal, corruption of any sort by a foreign type of Investiture can cause serious changes to a Splinter, as is the case with [[Glys]], a corrupted true spren.{{book ref|sa3|117}}

Other Splinter vulnerabilities appear to exist, but are less well understood. It seems apparent that if their Spiritweb is directly damaged by something like a Shardblade they may be killed,{{book ref|sa3|84}} or if their Investiture is consumed and fully corrupted by something like Nightblood,{{wob ref|2681}} as is the case with the Fused.{{wob ref|10440}} Even if it is not fatal, corruption of any sort by a foreign type of Investiture can cause serious changes to a Splinter, as is the case with [[Glys]], a corrupted true spren.{{book ref|sa3|117}} Another possible vulnerability of Splinters is their ability to be trapped, perhaps most particularly those Splinters that lack a substantial physical aspect. Due to their connection to their parent Shard, Splinters often struggle to leave the location where they were created or the system that their parent Shard inhabits.{{wob ref|8757}} However, some Splinters can be even further trapped under certain conditions, such as spren inside of gemstones.{{wob ref|sa3|33}} It is uncertain if all Splinters may be similarly trapped under the correct conditions.

The abilities of a Splinter depend heavily on the conditions of their formation and the the purpose or lack thereof that they were created with. Although Splinters may learn to behave in ways that were originally not intended.{{book ref|sa2|87}} As previously mentioned, many Splinters may become self-aware or arewere self-aware from the pointmoment of their creation,{{wob ref|6538}} but but some do not and it is not considered to be a requirement to be a Splinter.{{wob ref|2904}} Splinters may haveposses an inherent understanding of [[Realmatic Theory]] upon the point of their creation.{{wob ref|9448}} One notable ability associated with Splinters is the ability to get a sense of what the future may hold.{{wob ref|4645}} This is visible across a number of different Splinters, from the visions granted by the divine Breath to the Returned{{wob ref|4483}} to the brief flashes of the future associated with Odium's Unmade.{{epigraph ref|sa3|101}} Splinters may form bonds with other sapient beings in many cases. Sometimes these bonds are capable of granting access to Invested Arts, such as is the case with the Nahel bond in spren, but they may be a much more simple connection, as is the case with seons.{{wob ref|3488}}

Splinters are perhaps most populous in the Rosharan system, residing in the form of spren and Cognitive Shadows on at least two of the planets there.{{au ref|roshar}} On Roshar itself Splinters most commonly take the form of spren, comprised often of some mixture between the Investiture of both [[Honor]] and [[Cultivation]].{{wob ref|13604}} The Shard [[Honor]] itself has actually been Splintered entirely.{{wob ref|9810}} While these two Shards are most common on Roshar, self-aware Splinters left by Adonalsium himself remain on the planet.{{wob ref|10563}} Spren are more properly known as transformative cognitive entities,{{book ref|sa3|ars}} concepts from the Cognitive Realm that have gained power and sentience as people have personified them.{{book ref|sa2|1}} Notably powerful Splinters range in power from the true spren capable of forming [[Nahel bond]]s, such as the [[honorspren]],{{wob ref|3017}} to massive spren of larger importance such as the [[Stormfather]]{{wob ref|5991}} and the [[Nightwatcher]].{{wob ref|9207}} Certain objects created directly by the local Shards, including the Honorblades, may also be Splinters.{{wob ref|6539}} While the flashiest bonds may belong to Surgebinders, the Splinters of this world form symbiotic relationships with many species of creature in the world,{{au ref|roshar}} including the [[Ryshadium]]{{wob ref|10499}} and [[Tai-na]].{{book ref|sa2|i|3}} Splinters are also made use of in devices known as fabrials, which require trapping a Splinter in a device in order to create some sort of Invested device with a specific power.{{book ref|sa3|33}} The ten Cognitive Shadows known as Heralds could be considered Splinters as well, most likely created from Honor's Investiture.

In the distant past, both Shards native Sel, Devotion and Dominion were Splintered by Odium.{{epigraph ref|sa1|22}}{{au ref|sel}} As a result the beings known as seons and skaze were formed from their Splinters; although their exact origin and manner of creation is something that is currently uncertain. The seons are considered to be Splinters of Devotion,{{wob ref|5991}} and more specifically it may be the [[Aon]]s at the heart of the seons that are the actual Splinters.{{wob ref|4679}}. Seons appear as glowing balls of light with an Aon at their center.{{book ref|elantris|2}} Skaze on the other hand are formed from Splinters of Dominion.{{wob ref|4547}} They are visible as dark spheres that seem to draw in light, with a ring of misty symbols around its circumference.{{book ref|Elantris|part=postscript}} The general nature of the seons and skaze are very much in keeping with their respective Shards. Seons appear to generally have the attitude of a devoted servant to their masters and view them with great affection,{{book ref|elantris|16}} while the skaze have much more control within the confines of the Fjordell Empire{{wob ref|6167}} and are a group of some importance to the [[Dakhor]].{{wob ref|4640}} While there are some similarities to Rosharan spren, seons and skaze are far less numerous.{{wob ref|4129}} It is noteworthy while there are many Splinters of Devotion and Dominion on this world, Odium left none of his power behind on Sel when he moved on to a different system.

During the time of the Final Empire, both Ruin and Preservation had no Splinters of themselves on Scadrial.{{wob ref|4541}} This signifies that their god metals, [[lerasium]] and [[atium]]--despite existing as condensed Investiture of their respective Shards{{wob ref|6072}}--are not Splinters.{{wob ref|4541}} In fact there are no Splinters of Ruin and Preservation in existence.{{wob ref|3020}} Three and a half centuries after the [[Catacendre]] Scadrial [[Harmony]] still does not have any Splinters but that does not preclude the possibility that one day he may have Splinters of his own.{{wob ref|652}} Any potential Splinters present on Scadrial would have to be brought there from another world,{{wob ref|3020}} a notoriously tricky process.{{wob ref|8757}} IfHowever, in the event that Ruin had been successful in defeating Preservation and destroying Scadrial, he would have Splintered Preservation.{{msh ref|6|4}}